You must research what vaccination is and what whooping cough is. Then investigate what symptoms and long term effects this disease can cause for both children and adults. Once you have all this information you can formulate and argument to agree or disagree with the topic.
PART A.
ReplyDeleteWhooping cough, known as Pertussis is an epidemic bacterial respiratory infection and is caused by a bacterium called Bordetella. (1) Pertussis is highly infectious and is spread by respiratory droplets. (2)
In older children and adults it causes a cough with a characteristic whoop that can last up to 12 weeks. When young infants are infected they can become very ill. They can stop breathing, suffer from lack of oxygen, have seizures and even die. (2) The mortality (death rate) in babies under 6 months of age is very high. (3.5%) (1)
Immunity to Pertussis decreases over time leaving older age groups and unimmunised children susceptible to the disease and able to spread it to infants under the age of 6 and who are not yet vaccinated. Unless there is an absolute contraindication the NCIRS, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (2006) recommends that ‘in view of high morbidity and mortality associated with Pertussis under the age of 6 months, receipt of the first dose of vaccine as soon as possible after 2 months of age should be strongly emphasised.’ (3)
Pertussis or more commonly know as "Whooping cough" is a highly contagious infection of the respiratory system by the bacterium Bordetella Pertussis spread by the contact of the airborne discharges of the mucous membrane. 60 % of worldwide cases are generally from third-world countries.
ReplyDeletePertussis mainly affects infants under 6 months who have not been adequately immunized and also kids 12 to 18 year olds. It rarely infects adults though there are occasional cases.
Signs and symptoms
Pertussis has a 10 day incubation period during which, the victim would still feel normal.
The first signs of percussis are similar to those of a common cold
• runny nose,
• sneezing,
• mild cough,
• low fever
After 1- 2 weeks, the strong, irritating cough begins to turn into long lasting coughing spells. At the end of a coughing spell which normally lasts up to 1 minute, the infected person would make a distinctive whooping sound when inhaling. For adult sand Adolescents, the symptoms are a little milder and less serious.
Vaccinations for pertussis to infants are available at ages 2, 3 and 4 months with later boosters available to 3 and 4 year olds. This provides adequate immunity during childhood from whooping cough.
Pertussis has very high mortality rates for infants and toddlers at 50% without immunization. Fortunately with the introduction of the Whooping Cough Vaccination, this has dropped down to 2.5%.
I think it would be very wise for all parents to research and learn about pertussis since it is the leading cause of infant deaths. A vaccination would definitely be a wise investment for their child’s welfare.
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/803186-overview
http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/whooping_cough.html
PART A
ReplyDeleteWhooping Cough (Pertussis) is a lowly contagious disease which results from the bacterium Bordetella Pertussis.
This is the structure of the cold for BABIES & CHILDREN only, adults do differ
-Pertussis has a 10-day incubation period where the person doesn’t feel any different at all.
-Then after, they begin to experience symptoms of a common cold such as coughing, sneezing and runny nose.
-After 1-3 weeks the cough begins to change character. The cough is followed with a respiratory ‘whoop’ sound.
-Coughing fits are followed by vomiting and inner ear inflammation. Vomiting may sometimes lead to nose bleeds.
Whooping cough vaccines are given at 2,4,6 and 12-18 months of age. The last dose is given around 5 years of age.
The vaccine given for babies and children with whooping cough is called DTAp.
The vaccine given for adolescents and adults is called Tdap.
Both of these prevent whooping cough, tetanus and diphtheria.
I think vaccinations for whooping cough should be given because you just never know whether YOUR child would be the next victim… :O
(part A)
ReplyDeleteWhooping cough, also known as pertussis, is a life threatening, contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium "Bordetella pertussis". The whooping cough starts off like a cold and then the so-named (whooping) cough develops. This cough may last for months, even after antibiotic treatment and when the person is no longer infectious. The ‘whoop’ is due to a deep breath at the end of a bout of coughing. Vomiting following coughing is quite common.
Whooping cough is considered more dangerous for babies up to six months. They are affected more seriously by the disease than older children or adults. They are also more likely to develop complications. One in every 200 babies who develops whooping cough will die. As a preventative measure, immunisation is the best option.
Whooping cough starts off very much like a cold. As time progresses, these can quickly progress to include:
Severe cough
‘Whooping" sound on inhalation
Vomiting after coughing
Apnoea – the child stops breathing for periods of time and may go blue.
These symptoms may go along with poor appetite, fatigue and dehydration. The person may appear normal between bouts of coughing. During the convalescent phase, the cough gradually decreases but can take weeks to disappear.
(source:http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Whooping_cough)
Part A
ReplyDeletePertussis, commonly known as whooping cough is an infection of the respiratory system caused by the bacterium Bordetella Pertussis. Before a vaccine was available, it caused 5,000 to 10,000 deaths a year in the United States. But now that the vaccine is in use, there are only 30 deaths a year.
“But in recent years the number of cases has started to rise... the number of whooping cases spiked past 25,000... highest level it’s been since the 1950’s.” (Refer to Bibliography) It has mainly affected babies under 6 months and 11 to 18 year olds that have a weakened immunity.
Whooping cough is highly contagious. It can be spread by miniscule drops of fluid from the infected person’s nose or mouth through coughing, sneezing or laughing. These tiny drops become airborne and can be inhaled by anyone. Infected people are most contagious around about two weeks after the cough starts.
The whooping cough injection is given in five doses before the child’s sixth birthday and in case immunity fades it is also recommended that you get the new combination of the vaccine when 11-18 years old, just in case your immunity fades.
It is believed that 80% of non-immunised members of a family will develop whooping cough if they live in the same house with the one that has the infection. Anyone that comes within close contact of an infected person should receive antibiotics to thwart the disease.
Whooping cough can be a potentially fatal disease. Thankfully, because of the technology we have today, we can prevent infants receiving this infection. I think that parents should give their children all doses of the whooping cough vaccine to keep their children safe.
PART B
ReplyDeleteAs Aadarsh (May 24, 2009 5:41 AM ) said, 'It is believed that 80% of non-immunised members of a family will develop whooping cough if they live in the same house with the one that has the infection.'
What many people don't realise is that 42% of babies actually catch it from their mother! A better way to prevent Pertussis might be to vaccinate the mother first, and then the baby. This would lower the chances of catching it by way of parents.
As babies, the whooping cough starts off with the common symptoms of a cough: such as a runny nose, sneezing, mild fever, and a mild cough which lasts 1 to 2 weeks.
After that, however, the symptoms take a more dangerous turn. They start to develop a thick, sticky mucus in the windpipe, which makes it very hard for them to eat, drink and breathe. A baby's lips and nails may turn blue due to lack of oxygen. They may also experience vomiting and gagging episodes after the coughing spells, this leaves them drained.
For adults it's not as serious, it may be mistaken for bad chest cold or bronchitis. They are still dangerous though, being highly contagious. They could easily pass it on unknowingly to an infant or small child, which is why it's important for adults to vaccinate, especially people who come in contact with adolescents frequently.
Yes, babies should be vaccinated against whooping cough, but maybe it's more important for the adults to vaccinate as well.
I would like to add onto Savannah’s blog and further discuss the issue of adult vaccination against whooping cough. The protection provided by whooping cough vaccination at childhood gradually reduces over time. Whooping cough vaccine for adults was launched in Australia in 2001. The vaccine aims to protect the adults as well as reduce the risk of transmission to infants. Anyone aged over 10 years can get it. The vaccine costs around $40 - $50 per dose.
ReplyDeleteQueensland health (Queensland Government) recommends and provides a single booster dose of the vaccine free for adolescents at 15 years of age, or year 10 students if vaccinated in a school based vaccination program. It is also recommended for people planning to have a baby and adults working in child-care centers. In conclusion, I think it is a good investment to get vaccinated against whooping cough and protect the next generation.
New adult vaccine reduces whooping cough risk to infants (2001) Australia, Viewed 25 may 2009, http://www.mydr.com.au/kids-teens-health/new-adult-vaccine-reduces-whooping-cough-risk-to-infants
Whooping cough Pertussis (2008) Queensland: Australia, Viewed 25 May 2009, http://access.health.qld.gov.au/hid/InfectionsandParasites/BacterialInfections/whoopingCoughPertussis_fs.asp
Part A
ReplyDeleteAfter looking for information on this topic I have come to a conclusion that babies should get the vaccination for the whooping cough. Even though the vaccination has a few side effects – a mild temperature, crying when unsettled, tiredness and swelling in the area of the injection. The reasons why the children should get the vaccination is because whooping cough (pertussis) is a very contagious infection that is caused by a type of infection called the Bordetella Pertussis . The infection starts off as a cold and then a characteristic cough forms. This cough may last for a few months and the whoop is caused by a deep breath at the end of the cough. It is very common for people to vomit after they cough. Even though they is some side effects for the vaccination the side effects for the cough is alt worse. The side effects include: Serve cough, Vomiting, the Whooping sound and Apnoea (when the child stops breathing and turns blue). Children under 6 months have a chance of dying from these symptoms. The children should go to the doctor if the children’s skin and lips start to turn blue. From the whooping cough some complications for young babies include: Death, Haemorrhage (bleeding), Pneumonia, inflammation of brain, convulsions and coma and permanent brain damage. How Bordetella Pertussis spreads is that is spread by sneezing and coughing. The time it will take for the person to show signs and symptoms of the infection is between 6 to 20 days and the person can spread the disease in the first 21 days of when the he/her catches the infection. So this is why the babies should take the vaccination for whooping cough.
Part B
ReplyDeleteYes I fully agree with Savannah. I think babies should be vaccinated against the whooping cough, so all babies can be protected and be safe.
Whooping coughing usually starts with cold symptoms and an irritating coughing. Irritated coughing can start to develop more it is often because of vomiting. It can pass on and infect the adults, older children and babies. In it very serious in babies case who are under 6 months and it not protected by the vaccination. Whooping cough can create big problems and diseases such as; brain damage, Pneumonia and lose lack of oxygen. The best way to prevent whooping cough is to get the vaccination done.
http://www.health.qld.gov.au/ph/documents/cdb/whooping_cough_broch.pdf
PART B
ReplyDeleteI agree with Karl Anders and believe that babies should be vaccinated against the whooping cough because like Karl said ‘from the whooping cough some complications for young babies include: Death, Haemorrhage (bleeding), Pneumonia, inflammation of brain, convulsions and coma and permanent brain damage’. And no child should suffer in these forms. Yes there may be some side effects from this vaccination but they are not worse than the whooping cough itself. The whooping cough can be so easily spread like just by coughing or sneezing and this why it is so important for babies to receive this vaccination. Once a child has caught the whooping cough it might be too late before you can actually help them because it first starts off like a normal cold but once the actual cough starts it may be too late to help stop it and its long term effects.
http://www.mydr.com.au/respiratory-health/whooping-cough-overview
Part B
ReplyDeleteI strongly agree with everyone’s opinion that all babies should be given the vaccination. I would like add on to Savannah and Fizza’s statement that adults should also be vaccinated. In NSW the government is encouraging all adults to get the vaccine. There is currently a free booster vaccination to new parents, grandparents and people who work with babies. If NSW is taking all these precaution then why not QLD?
http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/news/2009/20090313_02.html
Part B
ReplyDeleteAdding to what everyone has said, more symptoms of whooping cough include a cold and a cough that is worse at night. It sticks around and within two weeks worsens and grows stronger. Most of the time, symptoms of whooping cough, especially the cough, can last for more than two months. Sometimes though, kids are better within two to three weeks. A child who has whooping cough needs rest, lots of fluids, and healthy foods.
Part B
ReplyDeleteBeliz (May 24, 12:39 AM) mentions the word DTaP and I would like to discus here what DTaP actually is. The traditional whooping cough vaccine comprises of killed whooping cough bacteria. It is called DTwP. The ‘w’ is for whole cell. Though this vaccine is effective, it has a high incidence of local pain, fever, and irritability. The new vaccine which Beliz mentioned is known as DTaP. The ‘a’ stands for acellular as the vaccine only uses parts of the whooping cough bacteria. This vaccine is equally good in providing immunisation with fewer side effects.
The latest development in the field is a Hexavalent vaccine that combines DTaP with hepatitis B, hemophilus influenzae type b and injectable polio vaccines reducing the number of injections for babies.
Mehta,P. ( 2008) Pertussis (Whooping Cough) Vaccination, India, Viewed on 30 May 2009, http://www.mehtachildcare.com/vaccines/pertussisvaccine.htm
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